Summary of the Poem The Country Without a Post Office by Agha Shahid Ali

The poem, The Country Without a Post Office, is a meditation on loss, failed communication, violence, and the desperate search for meaning in a landscape ravaged by war and fire. It is dedicated to James Merrill.

Part 1: The Ravaged Country and the Archive

The poem opens with the narrator returning to a country where a minaret has been entombed. The city has suffered total destruction; when the muezzin died, it was "robbed of every Call". Soldiers are actively involved in the annihilation, as they "light it [the fire], hone the flames," burning the world to "sudden papier-maché inlaid with gold, then ash". The destruction is so pervasive that houses were "swept about like leaves for burning".

The narrator notes that many people fled the destruction, becoming refugees in the plains. In a desperate act of fidelity, the remaining inhabitants, including the narrator, "frantically bury houses to save them from fire" and theirs, hanging wreaths on the doors of those left empty. The narrator identifies a lone individual operating from the entombed minaret, who nightly soaks the wicks of clay lamps and climbs the steps to "read messages scratched on planets". This person is also responsible for cancelling blank stamps in an archive for letters with doomed addresses.

Part 2: The Search for the Lost Guide

The atmosphere is dominated by fire and darkness; the people "look for the dark as it caves in". The narrator quotes a message found on the street: "We're inside the fire, looking for the dark". The narrator has returned in the rain to find the person who never wrote back.

This search is undertaken "Without a lamp" in houses that are buried and empty. The narrator carries cash, a "currency of paisleys," hoping to buy the new stamps, which are already rare and blank, with "no nation named on them". The narrator suggests the lost guide may be alive, "opening doors of smoke," but only breathing the "ash-refrain": “Everything is finished, nothing remains”.

All efforts at traditional communication have failed; every post office is boarded up. The narrator recognises that "Only silence can now trace my letters / to him".

Part 3: Finding the Guide and the Shrine of Words

The narrator receives an urgent message from the guide: “I'm keeper of the minaret since the muezzin died. Come soon, I'm alive". The guide reports that he issues a "paisley" (sometimes white, then black) only once, at night, urging the narrator to come before his voice is cancelled. The guide insists that the narrator must feel the pain of the situation.

The guide's voice repeats the refrain of absolute finality: “Nothing will remain, everything's finished”. He describes the location as a "shrine of words" where the narrator will find their letters to him, and his to the narrator, urging them to tear open the "vanished envelopes".

The narrator successfully reaches the minaret, concluding: "I'm inside the fire. I have found the dark". The narrator confirms the identity of the guide as the one who nightly lit the clay lamps and used his hands as seals to cancel the stamps. The site is an "archive" containing the "remains of his voice, that map of longings with no limit".

Part 4: Assuming the Role and Perpetual Darkness

Having found the archive, the narrator reads the letters of lovers and "the mad ones," including the narrator's own letters "from whom no answers came". The narrator then assumes the role of the guide, lighting lamps and sending answers, effectively issuing "Calls to Prayer / to deaf worlds across continents". The narrator's lament is "cries countless, cries like dead letters sent / to this world whose end was near, always near".

The narrator now guides themself up the steps of the minaret each night, acting as a "Mad silhouette," throwing paisleys to the clouds. This effort is fueled by the knowledge that the lost are trying to "bribe the air for dawn," which is their "dark purpose". However, the narrator confirms the world’s enduring hopelessness: "But there's no sun here. There is no sun here".

The poem concludes with the narrator sharing excerpts from a prisoner's letters to a lover: “These words may never reach you” and “The skin dissolves in dew / without your touch,” and the narrator’s own desperate statement: "I want to live forever".

Full Text of the Poem "Dead Women Walking" by Meena Kandaswamy

Dead Woman Walking

      Meena Kandasamy

i am a dead woman walking asylum corridors,
with faltering step, with felted, flying hair,
with hollowed cheeks that offset bulging eyes,
with welts on my wrists, with creasing skin,
with seizures of speech and song, with a single story
between my sobbing, pendulous breasts.

once i was a wife: beautiful,
married to a merchant: shifty-eyed.
living the life, until he was lost in listless doubt—
of how, what i gave him was more delicious
than whatever, whatever had been given to me.
his mathematics could never explain
the magic of my multiplying love—this miracle—
like materializing mangoes out of thin air,
like dishing out what was never there.

this discrepancy drove him away:
a new job in another city.
he hitched himself to a fresh and formless wife.
of course, as all women do, i found out.

i wept in vain, i wailed, i walked on my head, i went to god.

i sang in praise of dancing dervishes, i made music
for this world to devour on some dejected day.
i shed my beauty, i sacrificed my six senses.
some called me mad, some called me mother
but all of them led me here,
to this land of the living-dead.

Calicut University B.A/ B.Sc/ B.Com Degree English Common Course New Syllabus 2017 Admission

Dear students,

University of Calicut has updated its BA/B.Sc/ B.Com English common course syllabus from 2017 admission onward. The details of the syllabus is given below

Course Code	Title of the Course	No of Hours	No of Credits	Semester
ENGl A01	Transactions: Essential English Language Skills	72(4 hrs/wk)	3	1
ENGl A02	Ways With Words: Literatures in English	90 (5 hrs/wk)	4	1
ENG2 A03	Writing for Academic & Professional Success	72(4 hrs/wk)	3	2
ENG2 A04	Zeitgeist: Readings on Contemporary Culture	90(5 hrs/wk)	4	2
ENG3 A05	Signatures: Expressing the Self	90 (5hrs/wk)	4	3
ENG4 A06	Spectrum: Literature and Contemporary Issues	90 (Shrs/wk)	4	4